Kaufman Efficiency Ratio Trading Analysis and Kaufman Efficiency Ratio Trading Signals
Developed by Perry Kaufman. Described in his book entitled "New Systems & Techniques".
Kaufman Efficiency measures the ratio of the relative market speed in relation to volatility. Kaufman efficiency is often used by traders as a filter to help avoid trading when the market is "choppy" or flat ranging markets. The technical indicator also helps to identify smoother trends. This is an oscillator that oscillates between +100 and -100, where zero is the center point. +100 is upwards trending market & -100 is downwards trending markets.
Kaufman Efficiency Ratio
Efficiency indicator is calculated by dividing net change in price movement over an n number of periods by sum of all the bar-to-bar price changes taken as a absolute values over these same n periods.
Analysis & How to Generate Signals
The Kaufman is used to generate trading signals as follows:
The smoother the manner in which the market is trending then the greater the Efficiency Ratio shown by trading indicator. Efficiency Ratio value readings of around zero indicate a lot of inefficiency or "choppiness" in the price trend movements (range markets).
- If the Efficiency Ratio shows a reading of +100 for gold, then gold is trending upwards with perfect efficiency.
- If the Efficiency Ratio shows a reading of -100 for gold, then that price is trending downwards with perfect efficiency.
However, it is almost impossible for a trend movement to have perfect efficiency ratio since any retracementpullback movement against the current market trend direction during the trading time period being used to calculate the technical indicator would decrease this efficiency ratio.
Bullish/Buy Trading Signal
Efficiency Ratio values above +30 indicate a smoother upwards trend.
Buy trading signal is generated above center-line mark.
Buy Trading Signal
Bearish/Sell Trading Signal
Efficiency Ratio values below -30 indicate a smoother downward trend.
Sell Trading Signal is generated below zero centerline mark.
Sell Trading Signal
However, it is good you experiment with other values to determine the most appropriate levels for gold being traded and the value that is the best for your gold technique that you are using.
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