Kaufman Efficiency Ratio Trading Analysis and Kaufman Efficiency Ratio Trading Signals
Created by Perry Kaufman. Explained in his book entitled "New Systems and Methods".
Kaufman Efficiency estimates the ratio of the relative market speed in relation to the volatility. Kaufman efficiency is often used by the Gold traders as a filter to help avoid when market movement is "choppy" or flat range-bound markets. The technical indicator also helps to identify smoother trends. This is an oscillator that oscillates between +100 and -100, where zero is the center point. +100 is upwards trending market and -100 is downwards trending markets.

Kaufman Efficiency Ratio
Efficiency indicator is calculated by dividing net change in price movement over an n number of periods by sum of all the bar-to-bar price changes taken as a absolute values over these same n periods.
Analysis and How to Generate Signals
The Kaufman is used to generate trading signals as follows:
The smoother the formation in which the market is trending then the greater the Efficiency Ratio shown by indicator. Efficiency Ratio values of around zero reflect a lot of market inefficiency or "choppiness" in the price trend movements (range markets).
- If the Efficiency Ratio shows a reading of +100 for gold, then gold is trending upwards with perfect efficiency.
 - If the Efficiency Ratio shows a reading of -100 for gold, then that price is trending downwards with perfect efficiency.
 
However, it is almost impossible for a trend movement to have perfect efficiency ratio since any retracementpullback movement against the current market trend direction during the trading time period being used to calculate the technical indicator would decrease this efficiency ratio.
Bullish/Buy Trading Signal
Efficiency Ratio values above +30 show a smoother upwards trend.
Buy trading signal is generated above center-line mark.

Buy Signal
Bearish/Sell Trading Signal
Efficiency Ratio values below -30 show a smoother downwards trend.
Sell Trading Signal is derived & generated below zero center line mark.

Sell Trading Signal
However, it's good you experiment with other values to determine the most appropriate levels for gold being traded and the value that is the best for your gold technique that you're using.
Study More Guides & Tutorials:
- Gold Trading Methods on Different XAU USD Chart Timeframes
 - What's XAU USD Demo Account MT4 Trading Software?
 - 5 Minutes XAU/USD Chart System
 - Gold Trend Reversal Trade Analysis Described
 - Chande Momentum Oscillator Gold Technical Indicator Analysis
 - What is XAUUSD Gold Margin & Gold Free Margin in MT4 Platform?
 - How Do You Trade MT5 Pending XAUUSD Orders on MT5 Software Platform?
 - How Do You Add More Trade Charts in MetaTrader 4 Trading Software?
 


